NEW YORK (Reuters) –
U.S. consumers turned out in strong numbers to hunt for holiday bargains on Black Friday, though many said they were spending selectively and industry executives questioned whether the momentum would last.

The Friday after U.S. Thanksgiving is often the busiest shopping day of the holiday season, which accounts for nearly one-fifth of the retail industry's annual sales.

This year retailers and investors are paying close attention to signs of a consumer comeback that could propel the economy, after the 2008 holiday season saw the worst sales performance in nearly four decades.

Retail analysts who hopped from mall to mall across the country on Friday saw larger crowds and said customers were toting more shopping bags than last year. Hot-ticket items included Zhu Zhu Pets toy hamsters, netbook computers and flat screen televisions.

But insiders note that an early surge does not guarantee a strong selling season in the weeks leading to Christmas on December 25. Industry forecasts range from a rise of 2 percent to a decline of 3 percent for sales during the entire period.

"There's lots of people in this store -- there are lots of shopping bags," Macy's Inc Chief Executive Terry Lundgren told Reuters, referring to the flagship store in Manhattan's Herald Square. "I don't think necessarily that customers are going to spend more than they spent last year.

Best Buy CEO Brian Dunn also said he expected a tough holiday season.

The Standard & Poor's Retail Index closed down 1.3 percent on Friday, slightly better than a 1.7 percent decline for the wider S&P 500 that was fueled by concerns over a possible debt default in Dubai.

Wall Street Strategies analyst Brian Sozzi said the Dubai news overshadowed signs of a stronger-than-expected Black Friday and that investors were likely also concerned shoppers may not buy once the day's "doorbuster" deals end.

"If not for the Black Friday sale, I'd probably be at the hotel with my wife right now," said Peter Bertling, a lawyer from California, as he left Saks Fifth Avenue in Manhattan.

Lured by 40 percent discounts offered between 8 a.m. and 12 p.m., Bertling bought leather gloves, underwear, candy and a suit from Polo Ralph Lauren Corp that he hadn't planned on.

Linda Stone showed up early at the SouthPark Mall in Charlotte, North Carolina, with her friends, who have made Black Friday trips a group tradition.

"There's more people than we've ever seen," said Stone, clad in a Christmas-themed, snowman sweatshirt. "I think there's more people up and around hunting for those deals because of the economy and where a lot of folks are now."

CONTROLLED CROWDS

Up to 134 million U.S. consumers say they may shop for holiday gifts this weekend from Black Friday through Sunday, according to the National Retail Federation.

Discount retailers like Wal-Mart Stores Inc and Target Inc are expected to see the heaviest traffic, followed by department stores like Macy's and Kohl's.

Jefferies & Co analyst Randal Konik said his top holiday picks were Abercrombie & Fitch, Coach Inc, Gap Inc and Urban Outfitters Inc.

Konik visited a Long Island, New York, outlet center at midnight and said store traffic was heavier than a year ago, while promotions of 20 to 40 percent off were more prevalent than the discounts of 50 percent or more seen in 2008.

Last year's frenzied bargain-hunting led to the death of a Walmart worker in Valley Stream, New York, after shoppers broke down doors to enter the store at 5 a.m.

Shoppers came out in force before dawn this year as well, but stores took extra precautions such as opening earlier and policing how people walked through their doors.

"I was scared to come out. Last year was horrible -- women pushing and grabbing over shoes. This is nothing like that," said Helene Mitauer, who was shopping at Express in center city Philadelphia, where the term Black Friday was coined in the 1960s to refer to heavy traffic at holiday sales events.

"The sales are amazing but I honestly expected more of a really big deal," she said.

SHOPPERS MEAN BUSINESS

Retail chains have insisted they will avoid the fire-sale discounts seen in 2008 and have spent the last year scaling back stores and shrinking inventory to protect their profits.

At the same time, consumers have spent more time researching their purchases beforehand and strategizing about the best way to get them.

"This year it was all about knowing what you were going to find before you walked in the door," said Marshal Cohen, senior analyst at retail consultancy NPD Group. "The chaos and frenzy has been eliminated. Now it's a serious business opportunity and a serious savings opportunity for the consumer."

Nate Bryan lined up at 2.30 p.m. EST on Thanksgiving Day to wait for a midnight opening at the Best Buy Co store in Springfield, Pennsylvania, intent on buying a laptop for his daughter. "It's normally $1,000 and now cut in half. That $500 can go to other things."

Shoppers also said they learned a lesson from years of easy credit and carefree spending.

Lillian Shine, who lives in Oakland, California, expects to spend more this year, since her shopping list included a 40-inch LCD Samsung television for $597. But she said she was paying for the TV in cash and buying fewer gifts.

"I'm cash and carry. If I don't have the cash, it's not happening," she said.

(Reporting by Martinne Geller and Phil Wahba; Additional reporting by Dhanya Skariachan in New York; Tom Hals in Springfield, Pennsylvania; Jessica Hall in Philadelphia; Joe Rauch in Charlotte, North Caroline; Tim Gaynor in Phoenix and Nicole Maestri in San Francisco; Editing by Michele Gershberg, Matthew Lewis and Richard Chang)

TORONTO – The Supreme Court of Canada said Friday that Wal-Mart Stores Inc. was entitled to close a store in Quebec in 2005, seven months after workers voted to become the first Walmart store in North America to unionize.

The highest court in Canada ruled in a 6-3 margin that the multinational had the right to shut down the outlet in Jonquiere, Quebec, and lay off 190 employees.

Justice Ian Binnie wrote for the majority, saying that the court had "endorsed the view that no legislation obliges an employer to remain in business." And that, "the closure did not constitute an unfair labor practice aimed at hindering the union or the employees from exercising rights under the labor code."

A Wal-Mart Canada spokesman said the ruling is consistent with previous decisions from a Quebec labor commission and the Quebec Superior Court and Quebec Court of Appeal.

"The situation in Jonquiere was an unfortunate situation," said Andrew Pelletier, the vice president of corporate affairs. "I think most people know that Wal-Mart tried to keep the store open."

Louis Bolduc of the United Food and Commercial Workers Union said the top court's decision has opened a door for the appellants because a labor board will now be able to investigate the reasons for store closures.

"If we can prove the reasons are anti-union then we can sue for damages," he said.

The world's largest retailer, based in Bentonville, Ark., opened its Jonquiere, Quebec, store in 2001. In September 2004, the United Food and Commercial Workers Union was certified to represent employees of the Walmart store, becoming the retailer's first employees in North America to form a union.

Wal-Mart closed the store in April 2005, just before an arbitrator was to impose a collective agreement for the 190 recently unionized employees.

During the Supreme Court hearings early this year, the company denied it fired its employees because they had just formed a union.

The company said they were let go simply because the store was not profitable and was shutting down.

Pelletier said the company tried to reach a collective agreement but could not persuade the union to agree to a contract "to allow this struggling store to continue. And that's what led to the ultimate closure."

But unionized workers sued, saying that the employer shut it down in response to the organized labor dispute. Several employees alleged their firings violated Canada's constitution, which guarantees freedom of association.

Pelletier noted the company has a collective agreement with workers at its outlet in St-Hyacinthe and negotiations are going on in other locations.

Pelletier said the United Food and Commercial Workers Union has applied to unionize stores in the Saskatchewan communities of Weyburn and North Battleford.

"Those are all either before the courts or the labor board in Saskatchewan and are being reviewed," he said.

Wal-Mart employs 77,500 people in Canada. Among its North American operations, only bakery and restaurant employees in Mexico are represented by a union. Unions operate in Walmart stores in Brazil, China, Japan and the United Kingdom.

NEW YORK (Reuters) –
Rising fears of a possible debt default at a Dubai state-owned conglomerate is the catalyst for an "overdue correction" in equities and risk assets, the chief executive of top bond fund manager Pimco said in an interview on Friday.

"Dubai is serving as a catalyst for an overdue correction in risk assets that have been supported by liquidity rather than fundamentals," CEO Mohamed El-Erian told Reuters. "While many have acknowledged in the last few weeks the growing wedge between market valuations and economic and corporate realities, few have been willing to take their equity exposure down. Dubai is changing all of this.

El-Erian oversees more than $940 billion in assets under management at Pimco.

Equity markets came under severe pressure on Thursday after news that Dubai World, the government investment company burdened by $59 billion in liabilities, sought to delay repayment of some debt.

U.S. stock markets, which were closed Thursday for the U.S. Thanksgiving Day holiday, fell on Friday. The Dow Jones industrial average (.DJI) dropped 154.48 points, or 1.48 percent, at 10,309.92, while the Standard & Poor's 500 Index (.SPX) was down 19.14 points, or 1.72 percent, at 1,091.49.

"We had taken down risk exposures in the last few weeks through sales of credit and spread products and, correspondingly, increased our holdings of Treasuries and other high quality names," El-Erian said.

Other investors were playing defense as well. The benchmark 10-year U.S. Treasury note was up 16/32, with the yield at 3.207 percent, while the two-year U.S. Treasury note was up 3/32, with the yield at 0.687 percent. At the longer end of the yield curve, the 30-year U.S. Treasury bond was up 12/32, with the yield at 4.2116 percent.

Overall, the underlying characteristics of the Dubai announcement are similar to those facing commercial real estate in other countries, including the United States and Britain, he said.

"There will be contagion to many markets, especially in the emerging world where we are witnessing broad-based sell-offs among names with very different financial characteristics."

This is especially evident in the Middle East where risk spreads have widened for all names in the Gulf even though they share none of Dubai's vulnerable debt characteristics, El-Erian explained. "With time, this will provide interesting opportunities for investors," he added.

(Reporting by Jennifer Ablan; Editing by Chizu Nomiyama)